ICT in Tourism and Hospital Industry-

Question: Examine about the Information and Communication Technology. Answer: Rundown Data and Communication Technology or ICT is the all-encompassing rendition of Information Technology or IT. The term ICT alludes to the combination of PC systems with phone arranges through a solitary connection framework or a solitary cabling (Vaishnavi Kuechler, 2015). ICT is utilized in all associations in present day world. The accompanying undertaking plots the use and the advantage of Information and Communication Technology in standard use in a movement office. Evaluate ICT is characterized as the applications, techniques and ideas, which are engaged with present day innovation and are continually changing on a practically ordinary premise. The broadness of the ICT covers any thing or item that will recover, store, get, transmit, control, or transmit data in a computerized structure electronically, for instance messages, advanced TV, robots, PCs. The utilization of Information and Communication Technology or ICT has gotten regular in present day life. This is even normal in movement office or travel and the travel industry (Law, Buhalis Cobanoglu, 2014). Travel innovation, which is otherwise called the neighborliness robotization and thetourism innovation, is a usage ofInformation Technology (IT) orInformation and Communication Technology (ICT) in thehospitality, tourism,and travelindustry. One of the essential types of this movement innovation isthe flight following (Schegg Stangl, 2017). Various flights can be followed effectively with this innova tion. In the prior days, travel innovation was commonly related with the CRS or Computer Reservations System in the avionics business; yet now this movement innovation is used all the more extensively, including the expansive the travel industry just as its sub area the cordiality segment. While this movement innovation embroils the PC reservations framework, it additionally mirrors an a lot bigger scope of executions, which are in any event, expanding. Travel innovation includes the non-genuine tourismin the structure ofthe non-genuine tourtechnologies. Travel innovation can likewise be alluded to ase-the travel industry/etourism (e-Tourism), e-travel/etravel, which implies electronic the travel industry or electronic travel. E-the travel industry is the investigation, structure, application and usage of Information Technology and the arrangements of web based business in the travel industry division and travel organization. E-Tourism is the utilization of Information and Communication Technology in the movement business and the friendliness business. Travel following is another component of ICT in movement organization. At whatever point, an individual voyages, there is consistently an opportunity that the individual may get lost. This specific issue can be unraveled with the new innovation of ICT, the movement following. The entire excursion of that individual can be followed effectively with this innovation (Bizirgianni, Dionyso poulou, 2013). All movement organizations are currently utilizing Information and Communication Technology for following their clients trips. The clients additionally have a sense of security and made sure about with this innovation, which is useful for the movement organization, as there is a high possibility that the clients will again go to that movement office for any further excursions. This innovation is in any event, dealing with the client relationship the executives with the movement organization. End In this manner, from the above conversation it very well may be inferred that, Information and Communication Technology or ICT has vanquished the business, even in the movement and the travel industry. With the assistance of this innovation, the flights and the entire excursion can be followed effectively, which even causes the clients to feel safe and made sure about. ICT makes the movement and the travel industry a lot simpler to get to. References Bizirgianni, I., Dionysopoulou, P. (2013). The impact of vacationer patterns of youth the travel industry through web based life (SM) data and correspondence innovations (ICTs).Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,73, 652-660. Law, R., Buhalis, D., Cobanoglu, C. (2014). Progress on data and correspondence advancements in friendliness and tourism.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,26(5), 727-750. Schegg, R., Stangl, B. (2017). Data and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2017. Vaishnavi, V. K., Kuechler, W. (2015).Design science research techniques and examples: improving data and correspondence innovation. Crc Press.

Digital Marketing Campaign for fictional event (Wind Racers Horses) Term Paper

Advanced Marketing Campaign for anecdotal occasion (Wind Racers Horses) - Term Paper Example The primary item that the organization bargain in is hygain adjusted. This item can play out all the referenced capacity and deal with the circumstances. The advertising for the item is significantly done through the site. The arrangement of the correspondence would include thinking about various viewpoints. Cost is a lot of fundamental in the arranging. The organization will consider the general expense of the battle whether it will be costly. The crusade ought to be cost proficient (Ryan and Calvin, 63). The a lot to be engaged with arriving at a given number is thought of. There ought to be no much wastage. Impact is additionally considered in the arranging. A site that is utilized ought to be that that can arrive at an enormous number of individuals who need the pony item. Personalization of the message in the site is likewise much thought of. The believability of the correspondence on the pony item is viewed as with the end goal that the data is broadly acknowledged to be exact. Arranging of the site promotion ought to think about the control. The site data ought to have the option to arrive at the focused on horse proprietors or those that manage the creature item (Ryan and Calvin, 102). The anticipating the site commercial is done in stages. The goals of the correspondence are recognized and set. The proper financial plan is made with the end goal that the expense of the transmission is characterized. The organization should then choose what they need the crowd to think about the item and its effect on their ponies. The focused on crowd are then chosen, and they ought to be those that manages ponies. Hygain Feeding Company produces hygain feed for ponies. The pellets are taken care of are exceptionally plentiful in nutrient E and selenium that are required by the ponies for cell wellbeing, minerals, proteins and amino acids that are required for muscle fortifying and muscle improvement. The item contains biotin for foot and furthermore coat wellbeing. The item has been improved to such an extent that the substance of the pellets likewise go about as blood manufacturers. The advancement of

Pluto replies

Pluto replies So I was wandering around facebook today and I discovered this new group called When I was your age, Pluto was a planet, which I found excessively amusing. The creator of the group asked the group members to post better photos of Pluto, and I started to look through them. One of the images was captioned ThinkGeek to the rescue: ThinkGeek provides Plutos response. I WANT IT. (My birthday is January 10th.) Right now Im supposed to be doing a 2.003 pset, and it really isnt a lot of fun. Adelaide and I have been working on it for hours upon hours. Basically that means we worked hard on problem one for 15 minutes, and then spent hours and hours gossiping, telling funny and awkward stories, and trying to solve physics trick questions with the various people who have come by the suite. 2.003 is basically just advanced physics, you study things that move. Right now were working on reference frames, which are annoying. As far as I can tell, they only make the problem more complicated than it ever needs to be. For example, one problem describes the motion of a curveball towards home plate and asks you to describe the acceleration of one point on the ball at a certain point in its trajectory. This really isnt hard, at all. But then the question goes on to describe three different frames of reference for the ball, without telling youwhat the point of that is. Sigh. Its one of the obnoxiously less satisfying questions you get on psets. Dont think Im crazy, I mean the first problem we solved was a little tricky, but we got that awesome aha! moment when we figured it out. This one is just gross. I am looking forward to problem 4, because aside from being the end of the pset, it involves Captain Jack Sparrow falling off a cliff and seeing the trajectory of a spear being thrown at him by an island native. Hee. =) Responses to Questions: Shannon asked: How much time does a sport at MIT really take up? Im sure youve talked about this before, but did you talk to the coach first before applying to MIT or what? Just curious. The hours between 5 and 7 are reserved for athletics- so no classes/office hours/whatever can be scheduled during that time. So that means two hours of practice time each day (except for crew, which I believe may have extra practices since its a Division I sport, but I dont really know). Of course, games involve a lot more time, especially when theyre away games and involve travel. Id say I probably spend maybe 15-20 hours per week on field hockey (including travel and such). And I dont think I talked to the coach before applying. I may have sent in one of those little response cards asking if I was interested in a varsity sport, but I definitely didnt speak to the coach until CPW. Trust me, athletics wont make or break your acceptance to MIT. Karne asked: Oh! Heres a really stupid questionbut I want to know the answer. Does MIT have official colors? I cant tell, because the My MIT page is all multicolored. Sorry this is so lame. Fermion helped me out: To answer your question, Karen, their colors are red and grey. Ive linked my name below to an image of the MIT logo which uses the exact shades of red and grey. :) Thanks Fermion! If your question hasnt been answered here, it was probably lost in the transfer to the new site. Apologies! Just post again and Ill get right on it.

Differentiated To Each Individual Learner. Lessons Allow

differentiated to each individual learner. Lessons allow for student autonomy through choice and relevant information built on his or her prior experiences. However, the teacher must control the balance of challenge and skill so that each student learner is able to establish flow, and thus, engagement. transformative learning theory. As students are allowed to construct new knowledge and have high levels of engagement through the flow of activities, there should begin to be the application and use of the new knowledge. This requires a transformation of the student in terms of learning. The developer of the transformative learning theory, Mezirow, defines transformative learning as â€Å"the process of using a prior interpretation to construe†¦show more content†¦This means each individual learner can construct their own knowledge at their own rate, and the learning is independent of each person. Constructivism according to the authors has obvious benefits in an educational environment because it centers on authentic experiences in the real world while allowing a learner to build their own knowledge of that experience. That means a science and math classroom can utilize a variety of pedagogical techniques while also harnessing individual student autonomy, cognitive ability, and learning preferences to develop the critical thinking skills required for success in STEM. Thus, student learning is particularly influenced through learning styles, such as the 4MAT model and Theory of Multiple Intelligences, as well as student motivation that trigger transformation in the learning process. student learning preferences. 4MAT. The 4MAT model for teaching students is based on Bernice McCarthy’s four learning styles. As an instructional strategy, 4MAT functions through â€Å"designing and using multiple instructional strategies in a systematic framework to teach to these [brain processing] preferences can improve teaching and learning† (McCarthy, 1987). The model suggests that all four of the learning styles should have an equal opportunity to shine. Thus, teaching strategies should encourage â€Å"bilateral hemispheric engagement† and stimulate both the right and left hemisphere when learning (Beck,Show MoreRelatedDifferentiated Instruction And The Udl Principles Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesDifferentiated instruction and the UDL principles These two elements of classroom are intrinsically linked, as differentiated instruction is well suited to the three principles in UDL. By focusing on CAST’s three systems and appropriate teaching methods, particularly recognition, strategic and affective, the guide aims to identify ways in which differentiated instruction coordinates UDL theory. Varying theories have been proven to be affective in supporting different skills as students learn, fromRead MoreDifferentiated instruction is matching instruction to meet the different needs of the diverse1200 Words   |  5 PagesDifferentiated instruction is matching instruction to meet the different needs of the diverse learners in their learning environment. Most learning environments are structured to operate under the principles that learners must demonstrate and perform to a certain level, which is specified, by whatever mandating entity the learners are either employed by or learning within. This entity sets the standard that will signify achieved learning or academic growth. Therefore it is important as an instructionalRead MoreBest Practices Of Mathematics Instructions1205 Words   |  5 Pagesgrasp the learners’ interest and help them to connect with the problem solving and questioning techniques. A unit plan should contain objectives, state standards, a summary of duties, and goals. Moreover, it should contain the types of material needed for students to accomplish the task. There should be a breakdown of the unit by day or week. Teacher should include the lecture and any quizzes, tests, or other assignments that will occur. Mathematics units are designed to help learners know whatRead MoreDifferentiated Instruction Paper1664 Words   |  7 PagesDifferentiated Instruction Differentiated instruction is a process to approach teaching and learning for students with differing abilities in the same class. The intent of differentiating instruction is to maximize each student’s growth and individual success by meeting each student where he or she is assisting in the learning process (Polloway, Patton, and Serna, 2005). It’s an individualized instructional method. 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No two people are alike so why do we teach every student the same way? Differentiated learnings allow each student to the best way that works for them as oppose to a one size fits all learning style. Differentiated Instruction is where classroom teachers make multiple attempts to meet theRead MoreStrengths And Opportunities For Growth802 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Growth There were few strong point to this lesson. The organization and details were strong, but the implication of the lesson plan broke down as the time disappeared too quickly. Also the anticipatory set went smoothly and was enjoyed by all. One area for improvement is to pay attention to the amount of time needed to complete the lesson. Once the lesson written the writer needed to complete the lesson while timing the whole thing. This will allow the educator to know exactly how long it is needRead MoreTeaching Methods Based On Teaching English Language Learners4053 Words   |  17 Pagesteaching method that would be the most effective for teaching English Language Learners (ELLs). I analyzed two available solutions: the scaffolding teaching method and the differentiated instruction teaching method. I evaluated both teaching methods based on the flexibility in regards to allowing students’ needs to be met, ease of implementation of each teaching strategy into the classroom, and ef fectiveness of how of each method helps the students learn and complete what is required of them. My researchRead MoreA Dual Immersion Program For Hispanic Children From Kindergarten From Barbour Dual Language Immersion Academy1010 Words   |  5 Pagessuccessful, 21st century education. Barbour runs a dual immersion program for Latino children from kindergarten through eighth grade. Starting in the lower grades more Spanish instruction is the main concentration with English incorporated more and more each year. The classrooms are split as evenly as possible with English speakers and Spanish speakers of all backgrounds and ethnicities. The average class size is 26 students with a school enrollment of 684 as reported in 2015. (Illinois Report Card. 2016)Read MoreImplementing Differentiated Instruction For Reading Essay2149 Words   |  9 PagesImplementing differentiated instruction for reading allows students to learn how to read based on their learning style. Statement of the Problem The purpose of this project is to provide a guide for teachers on implementing differentiated instruction for reading in the second grade classroom. This guide will introduce the process of implementing differentiated instruction for reading. This guide will provide the teachers with strategies they may use when implementing differentiated instruction for

Pride and Prejudice Contrasting the Relationships of...

One of the most commonly read and most devoted writers in the English literature, is novelist Jane Austen. Writer of Sense and Sensibility, Pride and Prejudice, Mansfield Park, Emma and two other additional novels, Northanger Abbey and Persuasion and lastly the novel Sanditon. Austen’s novels acted as witty, warm and consisted descriptions of the favored classes of the 18th- and 19th-century in England. Jane’s most finely known novels were Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice and Emma, all three became favorites in the world of Hollywood. There is one classic in specific that regardless of how many times one reads it, one still continues to fall in love with the timeless romance in the novel of Pride and Prejudice.†¦show more content†¦This meant that although, Mrs. Bennet did care for her daughter’s happiness, she had an even bigger concern for what their social status would be after they would marry Mr. Right. For the duration of novel there w ere quite a few proposals that took place, but none were more considerable than those of Mr. Darcy with Elizabeth and Mr. Bingley with Jane. Reason being, that Mr. Darcy and Mr. Bingley pertained to an aristocratic family and caught Mrs. Bennet’s interest for her daughters. In addition, Jane along with her sister Elizabeth were the eldest among the Bennet sisters, so both were the most pressured into getting wed. In the mist of all proposals in the novel, both of them were united with their soul mates for the reason that each couple fell in love with each other. Unlike Elizabeth’s younger sister Lydia, the one who wedded Mr. Wickham, who wed jus because she wanted to win Mr. Wickham’s heart from Elizabeth or how her best friend Charlotte engages in marriage with Mr. Collins, only because she considers that she is of age already and is starting to feel as a burden to her parents. Going back to the road of romance of Jane and Elizabeth’s affairs, they both were very distinctive from each other starting from the very beginning. For example, for Jane and Mr. Bingley chemistry was flowing between them smoothly from the very moment they laid eyes on each other at aShow MoreRelatedBrief Commentary on Jane Austen ´s Pride and Prejudice759 Words   |  4 PagesJane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice depicts the complex relationship of Miss Elizabeth Bennet and Mister Fitzwilliam Darcy. These two characters come from contrasting upbringings. Elizabeth is a charming and witty young lady, and the favorite daughter of a gentleman, who in danger of losing his entailed estate. Mister Darcy is a prestigious gentleman who grew up in a rich home and refuses to settle for anything below his standards. From the moment these two seemingly-contrasting people meetRead MoreSocietal Influence on Nineteenth Century Marriages in Pride and Prejudice1446 Words   |  6 PagesCentury Marriages in Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is a nineteenth century novel revolving around the life and romantic affairs of the Bennett sisters and their family in the English countryside. Seen as a lady-like romance novel, Pride and Prejudice seems like a light read, but in reality Jane Austen uses her novel to make scathing commentary about nineteenth century society in England. Pride and Prejudice contrast the marriages of Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennett and Mr.Read MoreEssay on Prudence vs. Inclinations in Pride and Prejudice1413 Words   |  6 PagesPrudence vs. Inclinations in Pride and Prejudice      Ã‚  Ã‚   In the novel, Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth and Jane both achieve lasting happiness with their respective partners -- Darcy and Bingley, after a series of misjudgments, misunderstandings and obstacles. Indeed the heroines (Elizabeths) tumultuous relationship with Darcy forms the bulk of the novel, and the focal point of interest for the reader while Janes relationship with Bingley adds variety and interest to the novel.    ElizabethsRead MoreThe Complications of Courtship in Pride and Prejudice1450 Words   |  6 PagesPride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is a satirical tale about courtship in 19th century England. The novel focuses around the developing relationship between the two main characters, Mr Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet. The protagonist of the novel, Elizabeth, and the antagonist of the novel, Mr Darcy are two very contrasting characters; despite being faced with many problems and challenges, discover that they love each other and that their love is enough to surpass any obstacle seen in the novel. BeforeRead More Essay on Elizabeths Strength of Character in Pride and Prejudice1297 Words   |  6 PagesElizabeths Strength of Character in Pride and Prejudice  Ã‚        Ã‚   In her novel, Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen used the character of Elizabeth Bennet to epitomize the harmonious balance between reason and emotion in a woman, making her a truly admirable and attractive character.    Elizabeths strength of character is emphasized by its contrast with the weak, naive acceptance of Janes, the instability and excess of Mrs. Bennets and the blind, weak-willed following of Kittys. HerRead MoreCourtship in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pages Through the use of literary devices, Pride and Prejudice reveals Jane Austen’s attitude towards the novel’s theme of true love through the actions of the suitors; the process of courtship in the 1800s articulates characterization, foreshadowing, and irony. The novel opens with the line, â€Å"it is a truth acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of wife,† (Austen 1) which foreshadows the conflict of finding a significant other . During the Victorian age, menRead MoreJane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay1276 Words   |  6 PagesPride and Prejudice Essay: Own Prompt #8-The Obscurities of the Victorian Society In Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen satirizes the superficially built society in Victorian Era by pointing out the flaws with the recurring themes of marriage versus love and gender roles through dramatic irony and character relations. All relationships and the idea of true love tend to be obscured by this materialistic society that is based on wealth, power, title, and connections. Jane Austen constantly paintsRead MoreBrief Summary of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen1436 Words   |  6 PagesIn Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen tells and intriguing tale of young love and all of the troubles that comes with it. This novel focuses on the character of Elizabeth Bennet, daughter to a proud mother and nonchalant father. Towards the beginning of the play, the Bennets meet Bingley, a young man who is handsome, wealthy, and eventually becomes the suitor to Jane Bennet, who thinks very highly of everyone and seems identical in her positive view on every person she has ever met. Later, ElizabethRead More Analysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen Essay example1278 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen It centers on the elder sisters of the Bennet family, Jane and Elizabeth. Their personalities, misunderstandings and the roles of pride and prejudice play a large part in the development of their individual relationships. The spirited Elizabeth and softhearted Jane have to deal with not only their own feelings but also the status of their family, both of which affect the outcomes of their marriages. The struggle is very believable and realisticRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesStay True Few novels go down in history, and even fewer are remembered as symbols of social change. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is a novel remembered by many, and through the decades, as such a novel. The tale of Elizabeth as she overcomes various oppressions has become a classic. Women throughout Jane Austen’s time period were constantly oppressed by social codes and expectations.These social codes included requirements from chaperoned dates to a limit of expression of emotion. Elizabeth’s

Who Do You Choose the Major of English to Study Free Essays

There are 1,500,000,000 people in the world speak English, and 1,000,000,000 people are learning it while 75% of the world’s letters and postcards are written in English. Despite China, the United States is still a leader in technical innovation and economic development. English is used in the United States and in each of these fields. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Do You Choose the Major of English to Study? or any similar topic only for you Order Now English is the language of maritime communication and international air traffic control, and it is used even for internal air traffic control in countries where it is not a native language. Most commodities such as silver, gold, and hard currency are traded in English. Throughout the world, many professional papers are published in English. Even papers that are published in other languages often have abstracts in English. English is used in government and as a medium of communication among people who do not have another language in common. English is the language of technology, especially high technology like computer science, genetics, and medicine. If you’re going to read about technology, you’ll probably have to do it in English. We can watch international television networks, such as CNN International and NBC. They broadcast news much faster, and more professionally, than smaller, national networks, and you can watch them everywhere in the world. In terms of academic, English is the language most commonly spoken by academics worldwide. Of course, some important research and work occurs in all countries and in a variety of languages, but the vast majority tends to have been conducted, composed and published with the English language as its basis. Academics and scholars that have some knowledge of English frequently find that sharing their ideas and findings with their peers globally is more eadily facilitated by their mastery of the English language. We can communicate with foreigners easily if we can speak English. When we go abroad, it is very useful for us to compete with other people in studying, and all international conference and competitions are conducted in English, so we need to be well with English to join in order to win. It is also the major international language of communicat ion in such areas as science, technology, business and mass entrainment. English makes us more easily to travel around the world, because more than 100 countries spoken in English. We can ask for direction, have a conversation, ask for help, and who knows, maybe English will save our life someday. Tours are almost always available in English. Even in countries where few people speak English on the street, people who work with tourists generally speak English. In some countries even drivers of buses or streetcars and sellers at newsstands speak English well. English is important to get access to knowledge Today’s media such as the Internet, Television, and the press give you almost unlimited access to knowledge about your favorite subject, and it all are in English, so you need to be well with English. You can read also  Similarities and Conflicts in † a Streetcar Named Desire† That’s over billion pages of information are in English, so if you want to get any information in the internet you need to know English. On other hand, English is a language that can be used in many parts of the world since the schools nowadays are likely to have English as the first or second language or have educated people who would know the basics of English. When we study at University, we need to be well with English because all document are written in English. If we want to research new lessons or documents in internet, you need to know how to use computer, and in computer everything are in English. English document are billions, and it explains very clear, so it can improve our knowledge. We can make our computer skill more effectively when we know English, because most computer applications are in English, so we will understand them better and become better employee. Five thousand newspapers, over half of the newspapers that published in the world, are published in English. Even in many countries where English is not the main language, there is at least one newspaper in English. In India, there are three thousand magazines were published in English. English Major is study about cultures, literatures, and physiology. So we will get a lot of knowledge about cultures, literatures, and physiology of other country in Asia, Europe, the United States, etc†¦ Especially, when we’re skillful of English we can get a scholarship from school or the United Stated of America to study abroad. English is very important for job opportunity Today. All companies need their workers know at least on language, especially English. In some international companies, every person have to know English well. English is the primary language of business throughout the world. Most international business transactions, including email, memos, reports and contracts, are written in English. If we are interested in advancing in the business world, English is a key to success. Most countries in some way will do business with English speaking countries. As well, English has become the international language of business and is often used as a neutral language for business between various countries. It is now common for an engineer in Mexico to get echnical support in English from an expert in China. With English you can communicate with technicians and experts from the United States in order to help your company. You can also communicate with business people from other countries in the neutral language of English. Companies are also recognizing the value of English and now pay more for employees who can speak English. Knowing English will open the door to many new and exciting jobs in countries all over the world. As well, you will be able to obtain jobs in your own country because you can speak English. Your resume will be stronger because you are bilingual and have a knowledge of the English language. Your opportunities will be numerous when you can speak and read English. English speakers in the world earn more money than non-English speakers. Being a good writer is one of the top ten most important skills that job candidates are encouraged to have in order to be competitive in the job market. Companies are looking for good writers, and there’s no question that English majors heading out into the workforce have this skill in the bag. It’s nearly impossible to succeed as an English major without being a good writer. Moreover, students choosing this major probably really like writing. When you like something, you do it more often and the more you do something, the better you become. English majors tend to be overall successful communicators, which is why it makes sense that so many of us go on to work in media and communication. The major provides individuals with the critical thinking and public speaking skills required to excel in these positions. Even if you aren’t planning to work in communications, the argument has been made that oral communication competency is the most important skill for business students in the workplace. It may also go without saying that having keen communication skills is absolutely necessary in order to be a good manager in the workforce. Finally, Major of English have a lot of advantages for us, English give us a good job opportunity, high salary job, high position at work place, and provided us a good standard of living. In short, English is very important for me and everybody. How to cite Who Do You Choose the Major of English to Study?, Papers

Employed By Organization As The Secretary †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Employed By The Organization As The Secretary? Answer: Introducation In Shafron v ASIC case, Mr Shafron was employed by the organization as the secretary and the legal counsel of James Hardie industries Limited (JHIL). [1]He was involved in the creation of the actuarial reports through use of the cash flow model. He did not take into the account the superimposed inflation when it came to estimation of the amount which, was needed to fund asbestos related claims. He selected and presented the report to the JHILboard and failed to disclose the estimates which included the superimposed inflation. Additionally, he released misleading information to the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). [2]The ASIC commenced on the proceedings against Mr Shafron on the basis that he was an officer of the JHIL and he breached his duties as an officer under the Act. According to the high court he was an officer of JHIL since he had participated in decision making which affected the substantial part of the business of JHIL during the vetting of the reports which he presented t o the board. b) The major legal issues The main legal issue was the failure of Mr Shafron to exercise his power and dis-charge his responsibilities as an officer with the standard of care in addition to diligence which a reasonable individual would exercise as the officer of the corporation as required under S180 of the Act, the failure to disclose the key omissions in the estimates to the board. Based on the law an individual can be held as an officer of the corporation even if they are not staff or one of the formally appointed directors. c) The relevant law relied on by the judge(s) in making their decision The judge relied on the S 180(1) of the corporation Act 2001 which highlights that individuals should exercise due care and diligence when it comes to release of information so that they do not breach their duties as the officers of the company. The actual decision of the case. The court found Mr Shafron to have breached his responsibility of care as an officer, by the point that he failed to recommend the board on the ideal approximate in the actuarial estimates of the subjection to the asbestos claims to obtain into the account the superimposed inflation.[3] This was vital especially to their assessment of adequacy of funding to the foundation. Furthermore, he needed breached his duty of care as an officer by providing misleading announcement to the ASC. Mr Shaffron was disqualified from managing the corporations for seven years, acting as an officer and he was order to pay JHIL compensation. All the responsibilities Mr Shafron carried out were performed in relation to his fulfilment of his duties as the general counsel in addition to the organization secretary.[4] This really is as a result of his qualifications in addition to the position he was used. His duties as the counsel along with the organization secretary extended to the proffering advice on almost all the duties of the disclosure that need to be met. References Adams, Michael. "Lessons for non-executives from James Hardie." Keeping Good Companies 64, no. 5 (2012): 263. Barber, Fran. "Indirectly directors: Duties owed below the board." Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev. 45 (2014): 27. Hargovan, Anil. "Company officers in the judicial spotlight." Keeping Good Companies 64, no. 6 (2012): 365. Scott, eter Dominick. "Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) 286 ALR 612." U. Tas. L. Rev. 31 (2012): 155 [1] Barber, Fran. "Indirectly directors: Duties owed below the board." Victoria U. Wellington L. Rev. 45 (2014): 27. [2] Scott, Peter Dominick. "Shafron v Australian Securities and Investments Commission (2012) 286 ALR 612." U. Tas. L. Rev. 31 (2012): 155. [3] Adams, Michael. "Lessons for non-executives from James Hardie." Keeping Good Companies 64, no. 5 (2012): 263. [4] Hargovan, Anil. "Company officers in the judicial spotlight." Keeping Good Companies 64, no. 6 (2012): 365.

Frankenstein The Memorable Monster Essays - Fiction, Literature

Frankenstein: The Memorable Monster Mary Shelley: Frankenstein March 7, 2000 The Memorable Monster In 1818, The British Critic, a British literary magazine, assessed Mary Shelley's new novel, Frankenstein, The Modern Prometheus. The reviewer wrote: We need scarcely say, that these volumes have neither principle, object, nor moral; the horror which abounds in them is too grotesque and bizarre ever to approach near the sublime, and when we did not hurry over the pages in disgust, we sometimes paused to laugh outright; and yet we suspect, that the diseased and wandering imagination, which has stepped out of all legitimate bounds, to frame these disjointed combinations and unnatural adventures, might be disciplined into something better. We heartily wish it were so, for there are occasional symptoms of no common powers of mind, struggling through a mass of absurdity, which well nigh overwhelms them; but it is a sort of absurdity that approaches so often the confines of what is wicked and immoral, that we dare hardly trust ourselves to bestow even this qualified praise. The writer of it is, we understand, a female; this is an aggravation of that which is the prevailing fault of the novel; but if our authoress can forget the gentlene ss of her sex, it is no reason why we should; and we shall therefore dismiss the novel without further comment. Dismiss the novel? How silly this person would feel now. Today, with our hindsight, it is easy to see why this assessment is so ridiculous. Indeed, the image of the lonely wretch and the misdirected Victor Frankenstein are two of literature's most lasting images. But, upon reading this commentary and realizing how wrong it was, I asked myself one question, why? Why is it that the wretch and its creator have remained so indelibly imprinted on our imaginations? We need scarcely say, that these volumes have neither principle, object, nor moral... Frankenstein was nothing if it wasn't moral. The novel poses numerous philosophical questions. Should man have the power to create? Do we have the right to destroy that which we create? How is evil created? Do we create our own evils? Is society's blind pursuit of science a strength or a weakness? Does this pursuit bring us closer to our virtues and ideals or drag us away from them? These are the questions at the core of Frankenstein. And, in fact, these are questions which have become very important in the last two centuries. With the rise of industry and technology, we no longer look to God for answers to questions which seem unanswerable, we look to our own science. But can this science be trusted in the way we trust our God? If our own science can answer these questions, how does God play a role? Are we our own God? Victor Frankenstein may have thought so for an instant. He is a character who embodies many of the struggles which characterized a new age-- an age where questions we previously thought would always remain a mystery were suddenly very much within our understanding, where powers we never thought we could possess are now very much under our control. when we did not hurry over the pages in disgust, we sometimes paused to laugh outright Perhaps the most important part of the monster is the how absolutely human it really is. It is at first hopeful, curious, and sympathetic, gradually mistreated, jaded, and disgusted, and finally angry, vengeful, and lonely. The wretch is not a monster which insights fear in us at all times. We are scared of its implications, but not necessarily itself. In fact, we often feel sorry for the wretch. The wretch is not intended to be gore for the sake of gore. It is violent at times, but the fact that we can sympathize, and even find humor in the description of the wretch is what makes it all the more lasting. The over-dramatic description may be very much a product of Shelley's time, but the ridiculous detail gives us loads of material to compare to ourselves, making it timeless. The idea of funny and evil at the same time is appealing and human. The writer of it is, we understand, a female; this is an aggravation of that which is the prevailing

Sample of an Effective Grad School Letter of Recommendation

Sample of an Effective Grad School Letter of Recommendation Whether a letter is good or simply adequate depends not just on its content but on how well it fits the program to which you’re applying. Consider the following letter written for a student who is applying to an online graduate program: In this case, the student is applying to an online graduate program and the professors experiences with the student are entirely in online courses. Considering this purpose, the letter is good. The professor speaks from experiences with the  student in an online class environment, presumably similar to what he will experience in an online graduate program. The professor describes the nature of the course and discusses the students work within that environment. This letter supports the students application to an online program because the professors experiences speak to the students ability to excel in an online class environment. Specific examples of the students participation and contributions to the course would improve this letter. This same letter is less effective for students who are applying to traditional brick-and-mortar programs because faculty will want to know about the students real-life interaction skills and capacity to communicate and get along with others. A Sample Letter of Recommendation Dear Admissions Committee:    I am writing on behalf of Stu Dents application to the online master’s program in Education offered at XXU. All of my experiences with Stu are as a student in my online courses. Stu enrolled in my Introduction to Education (ED 100) online course in Summer, 2003.    As you are aware, online courses, because of the lack of face-to-face interaction, require a high degree of motivation the part of students. The course is structured so that for each unit, students read the textbook as well as lectures that I have written, they post in discussion forums in which they converse with other students about issues raised by the readings, and they complete one or two essays. The summer online course is especially grueling as a full semester’s worth of content is covered in one month. Each week, students are expected to master the content that would be presented in 4 2-hour lectures. Stu performed very well in this course, earning a final score of 89, A-.    The following Fall (2003), he enrolled in my Early Childhood Education (ED 211) online course and continued his above average performance, earning a final score of 87, B. Throughout both courses, Stu consistently submitted his work on time and was an active participant in the discussions, engaging other students, and sharing practical examples from his experience as a parent.    Though I have never met Stu face-to-face, from our online interactions, I can attest to his ability to complete the academic requirements of XXUs online masters program in Education. If you have questions, please feel free to contact me at (xxx) xxx-xxxx or email: profxxx.edu    Sincerely,Prof.

RF Integrated Circuits-electrical engineering Thesis Proposal

RF Integrated Circuits-electrical engineering - Thesis Proposal Example The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET or MOS) is a four terminal device that can operate in three different regions – cut-off, linear and saturation regions – that states the current it can supply depending on the voltages applied to those terminals (Rabaey 57). Static Complementary MOS (static CMOS) is the most widely used logic style, because it presents some important characteristics: low sensitivity to noise (robustness), good performance, low power consumption, availability in standard cell libraries, among others. Also, the BiCMOS technology has become a viable option for RF applications. The main challenge in the design of RF circuits for products is due to the little operation margins given by the constraints on power consumption and noise (ENZ 189). It is not simple to do the IC design in an environment that is mostly used for digital electronics by involving a RF part. It can be said that the RF parts of an IC do not interact properly w ith the digital parts, since there is a tendency of noise from one part getting into the other. One possible solution is to isolate the RF circuit by shielding it. The modeling of the MOS transistors for operating at RF should be able to accurately predict the performance of the circuits.

LEGAL ASPECT OF NURSING Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

LEGAL ASPECT OF NURSING - Case Study Example Therefore, the law of nursing is meant to aide nurses in making decisions in order to prevent incidences that can course legal suits. In addition, law of nursing streamlines the services provided by nurses so that nurses can take liability for malpractices. The law is postulated to protect patients and nurses in delivering nursing care services (Barbara, and Phillips, 2013). It is advisable that nurses to familiarize with the Tort Law. Tort law chiefly deals with, negligence, and malpractice cases in the healthcare world. Nurses should be concerned with profound of accepting Tort Law because it creates one of the biggest panics in the medical world. Tort Law defines liabilities and responsibilities of nurses when providing nursing care to the patient. Tort is the wrongful act that generates harm intentionally or unintentionally. Malpractices in nursing are, therefore, a Tort in which nursing principals are not accomplished (Barbara, and Phillips, 2013). Hence, Tort Law is the common and known law that all healthcare practitioners are required to adhere to in order to prevent circumstances that may be observed as medical malpractices. (Barbara, and Phillips, 2013). ... In the course of their education, nurses are made to comprehend that patient care is not only making decisions right, but also, organizing and maintaining accurate medical reports and records for the patients. A nurse who does not offer written evidence of the verdict made showing how the decision was attained at should be charged with negligence. Negligence is the failure of nurses to offer care that a sound nurse would use in a similar incidence (Barbara, and Phillips, 2013). In this case study, the hospital had enough evidence of suspending the nurse from her duties. By her diverting narcotic drugs, she posed substantial threats to her patient safety and this became a liability to the facility and the acute care department. However, the facility should consider humanistic, regulatory, legal, practical, and ethical considerations in solving the incidence. In addition, the discrepancies between the nurse’s patient electronic data on narcotics and the hand written notation on the paper record, was enough evidence for the nurse to be suspended for incompetence (Barbara, and Phillips, 2013). In the court, the plaintiff will be the nurse and the defendant will be the hospital. Before making a verdict whether the nurse’s grievances should be upheld in this case scenario, it is necessary first to look at the nursing ethics that was involved. Ethics is the principals of conduct and moral judgment. There are three key standards of healthcare ethics that was involved in this case scenario; justice, nonmaleficence, and beneficence. Beneficence is the act of promoting and doing well. For the purpose of the healthcare industry, healthcare providers work to stimulate their client’s best interest and struggle to attain best results. In the case study given, with the

Ambivalence And Its Imagery In Heart

Ambivalence And Its Imagery In Heart There have been various discourses about a literary world of Joseph Conrad who has been called as one of the great pioneers in 20th English literature. Since he was a Polish author and wrote in English, his vocabulary, grammar and syntax was accepted as unusual and new at that time. Not only these multilingual aspects of him but his personal experience in French, England and Congo as a seaman before a writer deeply affected his many various works such as Almayers Folly, An Outcast of the Islands, Lord Jim, Nostromo, The Secret Agent, The Duel, Victory, The Shadow Line, and The Rover, Heart of Darkness. Moreover, it is important to find the fact that he wrote in the heyday of the British Empire to have a great grasp of his literary world. He wandered European countries and colonies of Europe and then settled in England. As a cosmopolitan as well as a man who always crossed the borderline between a country and a country, his issues of identity fully reflected his works and those issues and his racial and political attitude has often been controversial until now. Of a variety of controversies surrounding Conrads works, the most famous thing was provoked by the Nigerian writer, Chinua Achebe. In his essay, An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness', he regarded that Joseph Conrad was a thoroughgoing racist (260) for reason that Africa itself was a foil to Europe, as a place of negations at once remote and vaguely familiar, in comparison with which Europes own state of spiritual grace will be manifest(261). Conrad, he says, portrays Africa as the other world, the antithesis of Europe and therefore of civilization(253), which makes Achebe say that Conrad took an antipathy against black people. The issue of racism in Conrads novels aroused controversy and it is ongoing now and it was absolutely inevitable considering how political and social situations he lived were. However, we should know that his unique descriptive style was remarked and differentiated from other established authors in England in that his ability to express incomprehensible and mysterious things was outstanding and which contributed to make his works the subject of the controversy and consistently to cause disputes on his certain viewpoint among many scholars who tried to find out it. Furthermore, he formed a diversity of lively discussions with race, social hierarchy and gender awareness as well as his distinct writing style and his complicated narrative structure. He also opened the arena of philosophical and historical arguments beyond literary criticism. Likewise, of the good number of strong points in his pieces, the reason his work, Heart of Darkness is meaningful for us living the present is that this novel surprisingly epitomizes ambivalence which means coexistence of two conflicting values or feelings. To explain, the world we are living is not fixed and secure. As the barriers between countries collapse and the world gets globalized, it is hard to hold a center point we can depend upon and we are in the uncertain situation that threatens our own distinctive identity. Accordingly, if we can try to indirectly understand Conrads ambivalent perspective in such a confused situation, it definitely helps us live our insecure lives. In this paper, I will deal with how Conrads ambivalent feelings and thinking about the wilderness, the African people and the white society was described in Heart of Darkness and look into what an effective imagery he used in embodying it literarily by using visual imagery, auditory imagery and layered narrative. Ambivalence in Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad tries to explore the inner side of a man by providing him with an array of different experiences in an exotic setting in Heart of Darkness. In Joseph Conrads psychological realism, Hyo-won Kim claims that Conrad often depicts psychological shocks and split personality that a protagonist suffers in tension of conflict between modern western civilization and primitive wilderness oxymoronically, an obscure unconsciousness and wonderful world of sub-consciousness of human from a skeptical perspective.(27) These conflicts between unconsciousness, consciousness and manifestation of sub-consciousness are showed in his description of the wilderness, the African people and the white society. 2.1 Ambivalent Description of the Wilderness In Heart of Darkness, the wilderness has two conflicting aspects. One is an object to be conquered by the superior European countries. Another is a sort of spiritual, supernatural existence not to be conquered by human being who is doomed to dead someday. It means that the first aspect is a reflected result of a desire of self-expansion and the second one relates to a desire for protecting oneself who is aware of finiteness of a life. For starters, as Chinua Achebe pointed out, Africa in Heart of Darkness functions as just a backdrop or setting that the protagonist, Marlow enlarged his world view.(60) What is important here is that Conrad overlooked the fact that Africa was also a place that many African people live an ordinary lives like white people do in Europe. He erased the culture and history of Africa and made it an abstract image like a sort of concept, fantasy or idea of European people. It gives European people a chance to make an arbitrary interpretation regardless of a fact, which shows how white European people has perceived and dealt with Africa with a feeling of superiority. For example, we can see this in the comparison between the Thames and the river Congo in the first part. And indeed nothing is easier for a man who has, as the phrase goes, followed the sea with reverence and affection, than to evoke the great spirit of the past upon the lower reaches of the Thames. (Heart of Darkness 2) What greatness had not floated on the ebb of that river into the mystery of an unknown earth! . . . The dreams of men, the seed of commonwealths, the germs of empires. (HD 3) The Thames is described as a starting point of mans intelligence, civilization and refinement. European people have reverence and affection to the Thames because it has the great spirit of the past and symbolizes the dreams of men. Accordingly, it reminds them of their greatness and their great past history. On the contrary, as the antithesis of the Thames, the river Congo is portrayed as the mystery of an unknown earth. (HD 3) The use of definitive word deprives Africa of its historical, cultural and political characteristics and covers the whole thing of Africa under the name of the mystery. The assumption is a tool to make European people invade and exercise a force on Africa as they want. That is, the white people go to Africa to satisfy their curiosity and affirm their assumption seeing only what they want to see there. It reveals transcendental desire of the white people in that they expand their geographical area and then are trying to see what they could not see. However, the white, Marlow who determines to go to Africa with ambitious mind is overwhelmed by the wilderness, which makes him feel like keeping himself away from the truth of things, within the toil of a mournful and senseless delusion.(HD 12) With a sense of awe and fear of the wilderness, he thinks that it blurs perception of reality. It can be interpreted that Marlow unconsciously knows that he is an invader who comes to Africa with a sense of European superiority and in front of the wilderness he feels unconsciously his insignificance, his mortality when he sees the infinite coast that always looks the same. In other words, the wilderness is memento mori to him. We can see that he is aware of the fact unconsciously by the following quotation. We called at some more places with farcical names, where the merry dance of death and trade goes on in a still and earthy atmosphere as of an overheated catacomb; all along the formless coast bordered by dangerous surf, as if Nature herself had tried to ward off intruders; in and out of rivers, streams of death in life. (HD 13) At the same time, he feels uneasy with the idea that the wilderness destroys him and leads him to death. It derives from a sense of guilt about the general European mind that considers nature as a target of conquest and suppression. The expression he uses such as intruders and death in life mirrors his subconscious horror well. 2.2 Ambivalent Description of African People African people, in common with the wilderness, are described differently reflecting Conrads ambivalent mind. Like the wilderness, African people are barbarous and thus an object of subjugation, modernization and detribalization with reason and enlightenment which is a solid foundation for Western imperialism. In contrast, he finds that human beings are always helpless against the force of nature and he sometimes identifies African people with nature. As a result, he also experiences supernatural power from them in harmony with nature. Additionally, what is important here is that he feels a sense of kinship as the same human being. To begin with, Conrad likens African people to black ants, naked beast and he does not forget to refer their skin color which is black. Sometimes, he eliminates their form or their presence by telling them simply black shadows or shades. In An Image of Africa: Racism in Conrads Heart of Darkness, Achebe says that in the place of speech African people made a violent babble of uncouth sounds and exchanged short grunting phrases even among themselves.(57) Likewise, African people has no great difference from beasts in this novel and even reminds us of devil coming from Hell. catch im, he snapped with a bloodshot widening of his eyes and a flash of sharp teeth -catchim. Giveim to us. To you, eh? I asked; what would you do with them? Eatim! he said curtly. . . . (HD 42) His attitude that separates himself from African people by emphasizing their inhumane aspects suggests how he perceives African people. That is, he just seems to want to confirm that he was a more superior, privileged white person. As a result, his purpose of exploration is not based on enlargement of worldview or self-expansion. He just has a sense of pity for the ignorant natives with the superiority of European culture. However, as we discussed in the ambivalent description of the wilderness, there also exists ambivalence about some of the African people. Similarly, Conrad gives supernatural spirit and power to an African woman who is some kind of mistress to Mr. Kurtz. She was savage and superb, wild-eyed and magnificent; there was something ominous and stately in her deliberate progress. And in the hush that had fallen suddenly upon the whole sorrowful land, the immense wilderness, the colossal body of the fecund and mysterious life seemed to look at her, pensive, as though it had been looking at the image of its own tenebrous and passionate soul. (HD 66) Her appearance leads us to think of a possessed shaman who connects this world and the next. A shaman mediates between the world and the next and manages affairs of human that usual people cannot know and do. In this sense, she is a superior existence to Marlow and that is what Conrad suggests. In addition, in Joseph Conrads Ambivalent Criticism of Imperialism, Sang-kee Park explains that this woman in harmony with the background of nature expresses the vital force that European people do not possess. Park also indicates that there is a stark contrast between richness and vigor of the African woman and paleness of the Mr. Kurtzs fiancà ©e.(17) From Achebes claim that Conrad lavishes a whole page quite unexpectedly on the African woman (56), we know Conrads intention showing that Marlow is attracted by her fecundity and full vitality. It means that Marlow is struck as small mortal human being before the woman who symbolizes infinity or a perpetual life. Two kinds of African people I explained above are in the opposite sides and represent Marlows ambivalent feelings of African people. Meanwhile, there is another man who lies between the extremes, who is Marlows African helmsman. He drops down with a spear in his heart and gives his white master a look in final moment. And the intimate profundity of that look he gave me when he received his hurt remains to this day in my memory like a claim of distant kinship affirmed in a supreme moment. (HD 54) After his death, he realizes that a subtle bond between Marlow and his helmsman is broken. A significant point is that he notices a sense of fellowship after death because it suggests that in a matter of life and death human being are equal regardless of race, national identity and power. Furthermore, there are some African people on the verge of starvation who startle Marlow by the fact that they do not eat European people despite of hunger. Marlow finds out that cannibalism is no more than their custom; they also have self- restraint opposed to beasts. Consequently, these direct experiences weaken a deep-rooted previous prejudice or a sense of superiority in Marlow and expand his civilized identity in European cultural context to a cosmopolitans perception. In the Images of the Superior man and the mean man in Heart of Darkness, Cheol-soo Kim says that Conrad pursues Marlow to do self-expansion as a protagonist in the open world by overcoming self-centered viewpoint and escaping himself from a narrow worldview and to recover relationship with others. (7) Additionally, it implies criticism of western culture that constructs self-centered empire as a result of oppressing others. As we examine, the description of the African people in Heart of Darkness has two differen t aspects which are hatred (abomination) as others and affection (fascination) as the same human being. This citation shows that clearly. Land in a swamp, march through the woods, and in some inland post feel the savagery, the utter savagery, had closed round him, all that mysterious life of the wilderness that stirs in the forest, in the jungles, in the heart of wild men. Theres no initiation either into such mysteries. He has to live in the midst of the incomprehensible, which is also detestable. And it has a fascination, too, that goes to work upon him. The fascination of the abomination-you know. (HD 106) Through those proceedings, Marlow seems to approach the truth of a life. However, Conrad never resolves the ambivalence in Marlow even at the ending of this novel. Depending upon the story, we can just assume that a series of experience would enrich Marlows life but cannot conclude what truth is because Conrad sticks to his distinctive oblique writing style. Ambivalent Description of White Society Achebe asserts that the Thames too has been one of the dark places of the earth but conquered its darkness, of course, and is now in daylight and at peace. Then he tells that Conrad divides the river Congo and the Thames into bestiality and civilization. (253) However, description of white society is not always positive even though description about greatness of the Thames is splendid. White society in this novel is seemingly refined and elegant but his underlying idea of it sometimes seems to be inexorable and uncomfortable. We would catch his skeptical tone about white society representing civilization, culture, politics and economy. We can see this in the following scene that Marlow arrives in a city to sign a contract to be a seaman. A narrow and deserted street in deep shadow, high houses, innumerable windows with venetian blinds, a dead silence, grass sprouting between the stones, imposing carriage archways right and left, immense double doors standing ponderously ajar. I slipped through one of these cracks, went up a swept and ungarnished staircase, as arid as a desert, and opened the first door I came to. Two women, one fat and the other slim, sat on straw-bottomed chairs, knitting black wool. (HD 8) As Marlow says that the city makes him think of a whited sepulcher, the image of city is different from what we usually regard crowded and dynamic. His description of the city is prosaic, coercive. Plus, when we recall that a whited sepulcher implies confinement, death and hypocrisy, we can presume his unconscious feelings of the city. Park also says that Belgium, a capital of European imperialism, is showed a whited sepulcher referred in Matthew 23. This expression is originally a figure of speech used by Jesus Christ to criticize a faqih laying stress on formal ostentation and hypocrisy of Pharisee. He claims that the inside of a whited sepulcher is full of death and smuttiness even though the outside of it is beautiful and coated cleanly. (274) Likewise, Conrad portrays Belgium as a place death and hypocrisy which is the center of imperialism. The image of the city gives us a feeling like a phantom town where no human lives and displays that civilization gets rid of vitality of hu man life. We also cannot overlook two women knitting black wool because an act of knitting closely relates to humans impending doom when we recall Charles Dickenss A Tale of Two Cities, in which Madame Defarge knits with the steadfastness of Fate' (HD 103) Thus, the descriptions of the Thames and the city have ambivalence in that each represents light and darkness, peace and death. Additionally, there are many white people in Heart of Darkness. As a foreigner in Congo, Marlow encounters two types of white people. As Marlow decides to go to Congo out of his curiosity and passion, he meets the same kind of people who have inquiring mind or curiosity about life. Marlow first meets a doctor who wants to measure Marlows head saying that I always ask leave, in the interests of science, to measure the crania of those going out there.(HD 10) He is the man who dedicates to a progress of science and believes that he can do it. I have a little theory which you Messieurs who go out there must help me to prove. This is my share in the advantages my country shall reap from the possession of such a magnificent dependency. The mere wealth I leave to others. (HD 10) His remark shows that he does not care of personal economic benefit but he cares of the advance of science and the advantage of empire. The old doctor has a sense of duty, dream and lofty ideal to make new discovery. Marlow then sees a white man under a hat like a cart-wheel beckoning persistently with his whole arm (HD 55) at the river-bank. He is a young Russian man and has looked after Mr. Kurtz. Marlow envies him and he is captivated by his spirit of adventure. If the absolutely pure, uncalculating, unpractical spirit of adventure had ever ruled a human being, it ruled this be-patched youth. I almost envied him the possession of this modest and clear flame. It seemed to have consumed all thought of self so completely, that, even while he was talking to you, you forgot that it was he-the man before your eyes-who had gone through these things. (HD 59) The reason Marlow is enchanted by him is the fact that the Russian man keeps his pure mind and hope even though he is in savage and crude situation contrary to himself who is disappointed by secular white people and fearful barbarism. Meanwhile, the other description is completely different from them. The previous captain before Marlow is murdered by African people. There was misunderstanding about two black hens between the man and African people, in the process, he tried to show self-respect and finally beat the chief with hammer. In A Comparative Study of Narrative Structure on Heart of Darkness Apocalypse Now: Modernism vs. Postmodernism, Mi-Sook Um indicates that he is a precursor of Mr. Kurtz in that he goes to the Africa with a torch to realize noble ideals that enlightens barbarians. (5) In the jungle, Marlow faces impulsiveness and violence of white society when an opportunity offered at last to meet his predecessor, the grass growing through his ribs was tall enough to hide his bones.(HD 7) The Companys chief accountant shows well how western modernization and capitalism covers violent act of crime and a system isolates human from touches of humanity. I met a white man, in such an unexpected elegance of get-up that in the first moment I took him for assort of vision. I saw a high starched collar, white cuffs, a light alpaca jacket, snowy trousers, a clear necktie, and varnished boots. No hat. Hair parted, brushed, oiled, under a green-lined parasol held in a big white hand. He was amazing, and had a penholder behind his ear. (HD 17) Um explains that the chief accountant neglects African peoples groans with starvation and disease and do his work hard, which shows snobbery in that he regards African people as an obstacle in doing his job. (5) His books, which were in apple-pie order (HD 17) means his irrationality because this achievement can be made under exploitation and sacrifice of African people. Marlow calls it achievement and accomplishment. Nevertheless, Marlows remark that his appearance was certainly that of a hairdressers dummy; but in the great demoralization of the land he kept up his appearance (HD 17) unconsciously suggests ugly aspect of humanity and in that sense; the accountant is like a hollow man who have no hearts. In other words, the accountant signifies both extreme moderation, self-control and pitilessness, cruelty. The rest of white people are blind to personal gains and corrupted. That is inside and outside of western European imperialism and we can grasp that it reflects the contradictio n of European ideals from his ambivalent description of the white people. Imagery of Ambivalence There are some effective imageries of ambivalence in Heart of Darkness. To convey his theme symbolically, Conrad often uses visual imagery such as white and black, light and darkness, auditory imagery such as frenzy and silence and unique narrative structure. 3.1 Visual Imagery It is easy to compare Heart of Darkness with an aesthetic architecture because the structure of the story is systematically composed with the beginning, the middle and the end charged of various symbols. The beginning part as embryo of the story starts description of a steamboat. The Nellie, a cruising yawl, swung to her anchor without a flutter of the sails, and was at rest. The sea-reach of the Thames stretched before us like the beginning of an interminable waterway.(HD 1) We can easily bring out a mans exploration against nature or a mans quest into the abyss of the soul with a regard to a boat and the river. Accordingly, the term interminable means invisible reverse of ones soul and the hidden inside of life. In The Mythic Structure of Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness, Hyun, Young-Min also explains that Marlows journey into the mystery of an unknown earth thus symbolizes not only mans venture into his past history but also a quest into the abyss of human soul. (14) Likewise, Con rad tries to show inexpressible or incomprehensible things to us by detailed expression like this with these symbols. Conrad often also uses visual contrast such as white and black, light and darkness. The image of whiteness in the story appears in a white sepulcher, ivory and light and white people and the bald head of Kurtz. In the case of light and white people in the beginning part, light and whiteness are a symbol of enlightenment that eliminates darkness representing evil and barbarism but it reveals the other side as the story goes. Park, Sun-Hwa, in To make you see through the Symbols in Joseph Conrads Lord Jim, says that Marlow thinks that the natives are murderer or barbarians with wickedness, aggressiveness and violence before he goes to Congo but he realizes that the natives have strong vitality and are living harmoniously with nature. On the contrary, white people who are exploiting them and make them starve are indeed barbarians. Thus, whiteness suggests hypocrisy of civilized people, and black is the power of life force. (9) We can know these symbols of whiteness in the description of the accountant wearing white clothes and ivory representing of humans self-centeredness, vanity and depravity of human nature. (9) To be specific, Hyun, Young-Min explains that thus this light is suggestive of the whiteness of civilization which blights and impoverishes the black savages relentlessly instead of playing a role of the torch to enlighten them. This light is symbolic of the spiritual emptiness of a white man indicated in Kurtz. The blinding symbolism of European civilization is well expressed in Kurtzs painting of a woman, draped and blindfolded, carrying a lighted torch(HD 25) (12) When we regard destructive nature of fire (torch or light), we can find out that it has ambivalent imagery. The image of black and darkness is referred in the skin color of African people, two women knitting black wool in Brussels, Mr. Kurtz and the wilderness. It is associated with death, horror and emptiness in soul. At first, darkness of the wilderness means both horror and a sense of awe for Marlow because he feels fear of infinite power of nature. Black people are also a target to be improved, humanized to need enlightenment (light). However, as he sees the terrible scenes of imperialism which are suffering beings, a variety of kinds of corruption and Mr. Kurtz who is a devil incarnate, the meaning of darkness comes to change into dark side of civilization and European imperialistic people with profoundly dark souls. That is, he is shocked by the fact that Chaos or Hell expressed as darkness is not in the wilderness, but the world of civilization, culture he lives in. Accordingly, such an ugly truth enlightens Marlow, which could be regarded as being in Hell or Chaos because the truth shakes his world supporting his previous conception and conviction. In the same vein, it closely relates to Marlows significant remark on dying Mr. Kurtz that His was an impenetrable darkness. (HD 75) and Mr. Kurtzs final remark, The horror! The horror! (HD 76) 3.2 Auditory Imagery Especially, Conrad overthrows auditory imagery as regards to the core theme of the story and shows the process that Marlows thinking changes. Silence in the Thames shows peaceful and orderly world that conquered all of the confusion and disorder before. On the contrary, silence in the river Congo is a threat to Marlow because it makes him feel a sense of guilt by giving him time to reflect on himself. And outside, the silent wilderness surrounding this cleared speck on the earth struck me as something great and invincible, like evil or truth, waiting patiently for the passing away of this fantastic invasion. (HD 23) This is because he subconsciously realizes that the reason he is here does not be resulted from simple curiosity and pure passion of exploration. As a result, he feels that he is not different from white people that he gets totally disenchanted. I became in an instant as much of a pretence as the rest of the bewitched pilgrims.(HD 27) Therefore, since the act of soul-searching leads him to see the hidden truth under the surface, he fears of silence in the wilderness that gives a chance of self-examination and makes him know his self-deception. You know I hate, detest, and cant bear a lie, not because I am straighter than the rest of us, but simply because it appals me. There is a taint of death, a flavor of mortality in lies, which is exactly what I hate and detest in the world what I want to forget. (HD 27) In terms of frenzy or noise from wilderness, he considers it primitive for the reason that African people are all savage and barbarous at first. Nevertheless, he becomes confused as he sees the brutal scenes of imperialism, so eventually he starts feeling that it is fury of nature. Perhaps on some quiet night the tremor of far-off drums, sinking, swelling, a tremor vast, faint; a sound weird, appealing, suggestive, and wild and perhaps with as profound a meaning as the sound of bells in a Christian country. (HD 19) Free from a private individual, he thinks that invaders coming to Africa are receiving punishment for Europe-centered mind which conquers and exploits nature and only pursues ones benefit. Compared to a bell in a Christian country, it shakes the earth because the sound of nature relates to the conscience in humans mind. As for the final burst of Kurtz, it is the moment of change from Marlows previous abstract ideal idea to realization of reality. He always listens about Mr. Kurtz from the general manager, the accountant and the Russian man in the station. The stories about Kurtz are just full of words like God. He was just a word for me.(HD 27) Finally he listens to his voice though. It means the distance between our idea or expectation and the real situations. Although His expectation to meet Kurtz realizes, he finds out Kurtz degrades beyond his control and reason. However, we should remember that this story is also handed down by the listeners, who are Marlow and anonymous speaker. Accordingly, it shows that there is always room for reinterpretation, distortion and beatification. I did not see the man in the name any more than you do. Do you see him? Do you see the story? Do you see the anything? It seems to me I am trying to tell you a dream making a vain attempt, because no relation of a dream can convey the dream-sensation, that commingling of absurdity, surprise, and bewilderment in a tremor of struggling revolt, that notion of being captured by the incredible which is of the very essence of dreams. . . . (HD 27) Finally, when we consider that voice instantly disappears as soon as it emanates, we can understand that it is analogy of our mortal life. No matter how we try to approach the truth, it is demanding to have a clear sense of it. In addition, the meaning of such an act or the truth is likely to get discolored because we are living in a limited time. All we can do is interminable effort as if we walk in complete darkness. 3.3 Imagery of Narrative Above all, when we read the beginning part of the story, it does not seem to be interested in the very corner story as if glow brings out of a haze.(HD 3) A detailed portrayal of landscape discourages us to read and catch it because diffuse sentences and overflowing adjectives overwhelm us. Therefore, we cannot get the idea because even making a picture in our head reaches a limit even though visual details should extend the range of perception. Interestingly, though, that is how to Conrad displays his idea, which is a symbolic setting. That is, he takes advantage of the fact that we cannot comprehend feelings and situations at that time because those moments already passed and even we pick a story up from others. The point is that it is inevitable that there are gaps between idea and reality, the real situation and experience that we think and rearrange by our feeling and thinking. For example, it applies to Marlows journey because he goes to Congo with yearning for exploration but he becomes disillusioned. It shows that his ideal idea is betrayed by reality. Furthermore, since Marlow depicts his past experience, his depiction might have been changed by his subjective analysis. Kurtzs story is also conveyed by Marlows perspective. In addition, an anonymous speaker is telling Marlows story, which means that opinions of the anonymous speaker are projected in the story. In this sense, in Vision, Illusion, and Misinterpretation in Conrads Under Western Eyes, Jong-Seok Kim indicates that of special importance is the fact that the problem of illusion is not restricted to the novels protagonist and narrator alone; it is also true of the novels other main characters. For them, the world is like a blank page on which they project their own ideas, hopes, prejudices, and des

Energy Conservation Mitigation Plan

Energy is one of the world’s greatest inventions of all time. We use energy on a daily basis for just about everything. Our way of life is based upon energy and how we use it. We use large amounts of energy for transportation and electricity. Due to the limited supply of resources available to us we need to make sure that we conserve them wisely so that these resources will be around for future generations. It is imperative that consumer start to take responsibility for their actions. There are two ways to conserve energy; one is by using energy efficient technologies and the other is by changing our habits. Individual efforts combined with governmental support will assist in decreasing energy usage which will in turn create a better environment for everyone. According to the EIA, the U. S energy consumption is 100 quadrillion btu/year and is projected to rise by 37 percent within the next 20 years. The U. S is also currently building 151 coal-fired electrical generating plants in order to keep up with the current demand (Holness, 2008). In 2003, 422 quads of energy were used in the world and 92 quads within the U. S alone. According to the report â€Å"Cutting Global Energy Demand Growth,† it is predicted that in the year 2020, the world will be at 613 quads. This report also states that by becoming energy efficient we can reduce this number to 478 quads in 2020 (Schirber, 2008). Some non living factors that contribute to energy consumption are the sun and the earth’s atmosphere. The sun produces large amounts of heat which creates heat. Humans tend to elude the heat by turning up their air conditioners. This increases energy use. Energy emissions that are released into the earth’s atmosphere can cause major health problem to humans and are very harmful to animals and plants. Living factors that contribute to energy consumption are plants and animals. If plants are affected by high energy consumption, than it will create a problem for the animals, which will than create a problem for the humans. The whole food chain could be distorted. Humans are the main living factor that contributes to energy consumption. We are dependent upon certain items such as fossil fuels for heat and energy. This is affecting our atmosphere causing problems for all types of living organisms. The greatest positive impact that energy conservation has is that natural resources will still be around for future generations if we start conserving now. Energy conservation will also have positive effects on our environment. It will also prevent health problems associated with burning fossil fuels and coal needed for energy. Humans also have a negative impact on energy usage. Most people do not realize the amount of energy they waste in any given day. Simple steps such as fixing lighting structures, planting trees around your house, and by driving less will help curve the energy abuse. All of these are very important steps in energy conservation. Leaving lights on when not in use is a negative impact on energy consumption. According to Laird (2009), people from all different occupations have been trying to find a way to better use our resources. For 20 years, our nation has been trying to come up with a plan to reach sustainability. The government is only a part of the equation. Everyone including innovators, government, firms, and nonprofit organizations need to come together. Simply put, they are not doing enough to make sure that energy sustainability is feasible for average consumers. Laird states that they need to create policies that are flexible and create institutions that can learn and change from mistakes. According to Laird (2009), â€Å"The level of funding, public and private, for renewable energy R&D is abysmally low, when seen in the context of the size of the energy market. † One of the most recent programs, Cash for Clunkers, was initiated by the government to assist individuals in buying more energy efficient vehicles. According to CARS (2009) over 700,000 clunkers were traded in for more fuel efficient vehicles in less than 30 days. My sustainability plan will primarily focus on citizens and what they can do to help conserve energy. I believe that in order to reduce energy consumption, we first need to start at the bottom which is in your homes. My plan will include researching the affects of energy abuse, educating citizens on how to conserve energy, plan meetings to distribute literature, and last but not least, showing citizens how they can help our environment and save them money as well. The first step in my sustainability plan is to do research to find out what basic steps can be taken at the consumer level to conserve energy. In the first two months I will gather all of the data necessary to present to citizens on how to conserve energy. In month two I will do informational surveys to see how many citizens are aware of the energy problem. This survey will also help me see how many people already are conserving energy in particular areas so that I can focus on areas that need more assistance. In month 3, I will than present the information to the citizens at a meeting. I will show them the following chart so that they can see how energy is consumed in the typical household. This chart will also assist me in showing residents where they can start making a difference at. This will show them areas they need to concentrate on in order to conserve energy and save them money. EIA. (2005). U. S household electricity report. Retrieved November 3, 2009, from www. eia. doe. gov I would make it imperative to the citizens to follow some basic guidelines in order to conserve energy. Some examples would be to use less wattage bulbs or even switch to fluorescent light bulbs that last ten times longer than other bulbs. Make sure you turn off lights when leaving a room. To cut energy on heating, residents can close curtains, lower thermostats, and seal out drafts. Some ways to conserve in the kitchen is to use adequate size pots and pans and turn down the flame if it is visible. Try not to preheat and use microwaves when feasible. If you have older appliances, replace them with newer, energy efficient appliances. Hang dry clothes when the weather permits. Other areas that you can improve energy consumption in are by lowering air conditioner temperatures. If you plant trees outside your home, it will create shade, making the temperature in your house cooler. I would end this meeting letting citizens know that they can always call their utility companies to come and do a home audit to show you how you can conserve energy. My final part of my plan would be to assist anyone who needed personal assistance with energy saving techniques. In this last month I would go to homes to see that they are doing their part in making sure they are conserving energy. If they needed help or additional information I would make that available to them. The biggest challenge in my plan is to show how purchasing these energy saving technologies is cost efficient to the buyers. Some people look at the initial cost and think that it is too high and don’t want to do anything about it. I would have to argue that some of the techniques are free and only require determination. Another challenge is gaining interest. I have to make sure that I get everyone involved. My goal would be to get one community started and then work on another community. I would need advocates to speak on behalf of energy conservation. The more people involved and committed to the plan, the better it will work. Benefits of my plan are obvious. We will not only be saving ourselves some money in the long run, but we will also be helping the environment out in a major way. We need to save our resources so that we have enough to last us a life time. Not to mention, we will be cutting down on pollution which is another environmental problem. In order to make a difference in our communities, we need support from not only the residents, but from the government as well. The government needs to step up and start mandating that certain codes are in effect on buildings. One successful program available to consumers and business is the ENERGY STAR Program. This program enables Americans to purchase products that saves them money and helps the environment. â€Å" In 2008, Americans with the help of ENERGY STAR, saved enough energy in 2008 alone to avoid greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to those from 29 million cars — all while saving $19 billion on their utility bills† (ENERGY STAR, n. d. ). ENERGY STAR is a program of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U. S. Department of Energy. Their mission is to help us all save money and protect the environment by offering energy efficient products. More programs such as this need to be implemented in order to achieve our goal. We need to conserve energy to save money, especially in a struggling economy. The best part about doing this is that we are also doing something for our environment. Implementing plans to lower energy consumption is a difficult task, but not a task that is unachievable. Our nation cannot afford to waste natural resources that are rapidly diminishing. We need to change our way of life to conserve what the Earth has given us. Our Earth can no longer tolerate the misuse of energy if we want it to be around for many generations to come. Energy conservation is essential due to the limited supply of natural resources. Jenny Powers of NRDC states â€Å"The cheapest, cleanest energy is the energy you don’t use. † Let’s help break the cycle. As citizens we need to do our part by embracing an energy efficient lifestyle and slow down our demand for more electricity. References CARS. (2009). Cars allowance rebate system. Retrieved November 3, 2009, from www. cars. gov ENERGY STAR. (n. d. ). About ENERGY STAR. Retrieved November 3, 20009, from www. energystar. gov Holness, Gordon V. (2008). Improving Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings. ASHRAE Journal, 50(1), 12-14, 17-18, 20, 23-24, 26. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from ProQuest Education Journals. (Document ID: 1415301201). Laird, F. (2009) A Full-Court Press for Renewable Energy, Issues in science and Technology, 25 (2), 53-56. Retrieved October 30, 2009, from MasterFILE Premier Database. EBSCO Schirber, Michael. (2008). Whatever happened to energy conservation? Live Science. Retrieved November 1, 2009, from www. livescience. com

True Meaning of Giving Thanks

History To 1877 Tia Edwards 5 October 2012 Native and European Relationships â€Å"Why must you take by force what you could obtain by love? † (Chief Powhatan) This was a famous quote said by Pocahontas’ Father to early English settler John Smith. The quote helps illustrate the brutality that settlers used to obtain land and goods during early colonization.The articles â€Å"Your People Live Only Upon Cod† and â€Å"The Print of My Ancestors’ Houses are Every Where to be Seen† help show, through the perspective of the Natives, that the nature of relationships of Natives and Non-natives in early America was at first beneficial, but over time the relationships became corrupted and would slowly deteriorate due to Europeans belief of supremacy over Natives, Europeans forced conversion of Natives’ lifestyle to Europeans’ beliefs, and Europeans hostile take over of Native land. The act of gift giving created a kinship between Natives and Eur opeans and eventually a very lucrative trading market was formed.Even though the kinship between Natives and Europeans was a booming economic opportunity the incoming settlers always looked down upon the Native people, seeing them only as savages who had no morals or religious guidance. â€Å"In the document â€Å"Your People Live Only Upon Cod† the French view the Mimacs’ lifestyle as horrible and unbearable due to the fact they didn’t display manners, social order or vast quantities of material possessions like the French. The French are even amazed at the Mimacs outdated mobile housing and try to persuade them to settle down and live in stationary houses instead of wigwams. The English also see themselves as a superior race and would discriminate against the Natives by refusing to trade with or engage in kinship rituals unless the Natives become reformed and lived a more English lifestyle. Thus, Colonialism became not only an economic move, but it also becam e a â€Å"civilizing mission† in order to bring social, political and religious change among the Natives. Europeans were aggressively pushing conversion on the Natives and it would lead to violence and war. All European settlers tried to reform Natives to a more civilized lifestyle by trying to convert Natives to believe in Christianity. In â€Å"Your People Only Live Upon Cod† the document states that European missionaries would actively interact with Natives to persuade them to take on a sophisticated European lifestyle with Christian beliefs. Occasionally Natives who were so overcome with grief, over the constant warfare with colonists and new diseases that devastated their tribes, they would succumb and take on a more reformed lifestyle. † Thus, Conversion became a crucial key point in Colonialism. The single most controversial issue that Natives and Europeans faced was land.The Natives believed that the land was nobodies to own, and that everyone should be a ble to share its resources. The European colonist believed in ownership of property just like owning possessions, and believed that the resources should be possessed and sold. In â€Å"The Print of My Ancestors’ House are Every Where to be Seen. † Little Turtle, who is chief of Miami Tribe, believes that the land in the Ohio Valley solely belongs to the Natives and the land should not be able to be sold or settled by white colonists. Little Turtle’s ancestors settled there many years ago and The Great Spirit told his ancestor to preserve the land.General Wayne, however, believes that since Britain gave that land to the Americas it should be their land and although Little Turtle’s ancestors may have settled there, they had no proven ownership or entitle to the land. Also, many British colonies were settled there as well and they are the ones that were in possession of it and gave it to America without acknowledging the Natives feelings. This testimony from General Wayne shows that the Colonists were more interested in gaining land and building settlements then keeping a peaceful; alliance with the Natives.The Natives and Europeans tried to engage in a friendly complimentary relationship where the two groups could help enrich and protect one another, however due to Europeans belief of over all superiority to the Natives, the European colonist’s authoritative conversion of Native life, and Europeans never ending conquest for Native land, the two groups couldn’t stay in a compatible alliance for long and then war would soon arise. The Natives and Europeans were in constant turmoil with each other and that turmoil only stopped once theNatives were irradiated and the America colonist could capture the rest of there land. King Philip’s Herd of Problems Livestock became the most popular and essential life resource for early colonists’ survival. Livestock not only helped maintain a food source to be easily availab le to the colonists, but the animals also provided several other products like hides and lard. Although livestock made colonists’ lives easier, the destructive costs of maintaining the animals would lead to much controversy with the local Natives.The scholar article â€Å"King Philip’s Herds: Indians, Colonists, and the Problem of Livestock in Early New England† describes the tension that arose from the colonists’ livestock, hogs specifically, and the events that would lead up to war. Primarily, the reasons livestock caused conflict between Natives and Colonists was because hogs were causing disruption in local Natives’ land, Colonists’ continuous development on Native land and the injustices Natives faced in the English government. Eventually Natives would take up animal husbandry, but it would not be enough to settle the uprising unrest that livestock damages caused.As tension began to build up between the English colonists and Natives, on e person became the mediator of the conflict. This man was Metacom, Chief of the Wampanoag tribe; also know as King Philip by the English. King Philip was constantly going to English courts trying to resolve the problems Natives faced with English hogs disturbing Native land. In King Philip’s article it states that Native lands and English settlements were usually in close proximity of each other and on countless occasions English hogs would wander unto Native cornfields, and would begin feasting upon their crops.Soon, Natives had to use more extreme measures to protect their food sources like building fences around crops and moving trees in from of underground food storages. These constant problems with livestock lead to tensions to rise. Furthermore, Natives would cause accidental damages to the livestock unknowingly aware of their presence, which Natives were required to pay for. These unfair laws that were required by the English government lead to a fast growing concern. John Winthrop argued that the Natives had no actually entitlement or possession of the land, so all land should be available to be settled on or bought by the Colonists (King Philip’s Herds, 604). As land stated to decrease so did the dear population. Since hunting populations were beginning to decrease drastically, some Natives had to find alternative food sources. Wampanoag began actively engaging in rising of livestock, also known as animal husbandry, even though the integration of owning animals as property did not fit well with Native customs (King Philip’s Herd, 606).The Natives at first despised the animals for their savage like nature. Eventually Natives were able to domesticate hogs and be trained to be more efficient. Although some natives had to abandon hunting altogether, the use of hogs became an even more important commodity to the Wampanoag (King Philip’s Herd, 613). This progressively intrusions on Wampanoag land lead King Philip to fight for his people by turning to local governments for help. However, the law favored towards the English colonists more then Native concerns.King Philip’s article describes how Natives were soon required to fence off their crops in order to stop hogs from damaging their food. If the Natives refused to construct a fence to guard their crops, the government would deny any legal action to be persuaded on colonists if crops were damaged by livestock. King Philip even went to court himself to resolve the conflicts, and although the courts passed many laws to protect the natives, colonists ignored the ruling and continued to take advance on Wampanoag territory (King Philip’s Herd, 619).Finally conflicts passed the tipping point when good land for livestock became more limited, English colonies and Wampanoag land were approaching each other more rapidly and soon livestock causing damages to both Wampanoag and Colonists became so common that colonial government decided to instate a hand s-off policy on trespassing. Trespassing was a violating on the Wampanoags’ rights and felt that their land should be treated with respect (King Philip’s Herd, 622). This caused an up roar of anger on both sides and eventually King Philip declared war on the English settlers.The Wampanoag people not only attacked colonists but they primarily attacked livestock as a metaphoric gesture for all the trouble the animals had caused them. And although King Philip had died in the war on August 1676, the Wampanoag people had caused massive amounts of damage to colonists and their settlements, plus casualties of livestock reached about 8,000, although this amount of death was not enough to destroy the colonists food source (King Philip’s Herd, 623).King Philip had tried diplomacy time and time again in order to prevent the uprising, but due to the livestock’s destructive nature, settlers invading of Wampanoag land, and the government’s helplessness to stop t he constant incoming of livestock caused problems, war was all but inevitable. Although livestock was an essential to helping colonists survive in the new world, it was the catalyst for many problems and conflicts that ended with the death of many English, Wampanoag, and Livestock lives.Had all three groups learned to live harmoniously with one another, war could have been avoided and peace could have been restored. Colonization in the New World Colonization and Colonialism are the most important principles for any developing country. Colonization helps to create new settlements on which citizens can live on and make earnings. Colonialism is when a greater power uses a lesser power in order to gain control over their resources to enrich the greater power. Both of these principles were key elements for the Spanish, French and British in establishing territories to make profits and expand trade.Each empire experienced change in their colonization strategies however by the Spanish star ting with a violent military conquest and altering to a more peaceful kinship resolution, French started as a small peaceful colony with no desire to colonize to maintaining control over most of the North American region, and the British colonized to gain land and gain new economic developments for poorer citizens which turned to citizens rebellion and claiming their independence from the British empire. Every empire’s tactics helped shape North America into a new colony for early English settlers to search for independence.The Spanish where the first to arrive in North America near the Caribbean, and begin creating foundations for the first colony. Christopher Columbus was the first settler in the new world and when he arrived in 1492 he was immediately intrigued by the local Native tribe. He saw the Natives as potential slaves and servants to help achieve the goals of power and wealth. Even in the beginning the Spanish saw natives only as tools to be used, not allies to be coexisted with. The Spanish discovered gold and started to capture the local natives and enforce them to serve in the mines.Soon the Spanish started to explore and establish colonies on local islands such as Puerto Rica, Jamaica, and Cuba (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 35-36). The Spanish mainly focused on colonizing highly populous areas, which cause a back lash of new diseases to effect the inhabitants, due to lack of resistance, and caused many deaths. The Spanish were even able to overtake many powerful empires, such as the Aztecs, due to the immense death toll from disease and the Spanish’s overwhelming technologically advanced army (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 40).Military conquest and war would continue until in 1598 priests and colonists arrive in a colony in which the Spanish called â€Å"New Mexico†. The Spanish viewed New Mexico as a possible agricultural colony which would supply food to the Spanish Empire. The Catholic priests were at first greeted and rejoiced because heavy rain fall had started soon after their arrival. The priests even tried to convert the Pueblos to Catholic beliefs to save their souls but once a severe drought and small pox epidemic broke, the Pueblos decided to deny Christianity and revolt.The Pueblos drove away the Spanish forces, even with their diminished numbers, and became a free colony again. In order to for the Spanish empire to regain control over the land, the Spanish sent Diego de Vargas who used a more peaceful approach with the Pueblo people, hoping to rely more on kinship ceremonies and think less like a military force. Diego de Vargas even went to the Pueblo colony himself in order gain kinship and began trade with the Pueblos. The Spanish even helped protect the Pueblos from their enemies in order to solidify a more peaceful treaty between the two groups.Even though the New Mexico colony eventually became self sustaining the tension between the two groups still existed due to the Spanish†™s originally military conquest of the land. Coexistence and cooperation was finally achieved but only after the Spanish changed from their warfare, violence and forced conversion of native lifestyles ideals. When the French began their colonization of the new world they had no desire to colonize in North America, they simply wanted to gain profits and receive new items through trade.The most successful and profitable colony called New France, around present day Quebec, was established in 1608 (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 45). Unlike the Spanish and British, The French had considerably small group of colonists. Instead of actively engaging in warfare and acquiring land and diminishing the remainder of their population. The French took up kinship and fur trading as opposed to violence. This act of non-violence caused very few occasions of warfare to occur, and thus natives were more open to helping and trading with the French.In the document â€Å"Your People Live Only Upon Cod †: An Algonquian Response to European Claims of Cultural Superiority† it states how the French were so unable to fend for themselves that the local Algonquian tribe had to help them survive. They would fish out cod for them and helped them develop ways to make food. Even though the French always thought they were better then the Natives, the kinship that the French shared with Natives helped them survive. With the help of the Natives, the French became more profitable in trading then any other empire.In order to gain a more concrete kinship with the Natives, French started interbreeding with the Natives. This created a new group called Metis, who were children that would be ingrained with both French and Native culture. The French also had Catholic Jesuits who tried to convert the Natives but they were more open to native religion then any other empire. Instead of forcing Catholicism on the natives and having coercion occur. The Jesuits used peaceful integration like Die go de Vargas used on the Pueblos. This created less resistance and more accepting by the Natives.In the document â€Å"Your People Live Only on Cod† The French also helped protect their native allies against enemies. In the document â€Å"The Iroquois were much astonished that two men should have been killed so quickly† Samuel de Champlain and a few of his men help aid the Montagnais, Algonquian, and Herons in a battle with the Iroquois. During the battle Samuel takes out a gun and shoots at the three head chiefs, which his allies requested he kill. After one shoot two of the chiefs were instantly dead with one was so injured he died soon after. The enemy soon fled in fear of the weapon.With the French having a technological advantage over the enemy, many of their allies would trade to have possession of these new and powerful guns, making their allies more powerful. Soon the French stated to maintain huge portions of land due to the protection that was aided by their allied Natives. The natives would help fight for the French in many battles including the Seven Years’ war with Britain. Also, in the same document, Samuel and his men take about a dozen Iroquois men as prisoners. This became a common practice in warfare for enemy men to be captured after a war.Captives began being traded for kinship and became very popular among the French. Captive taking was used more to embarrass the enemy, but it soon became more profitable to trade them to the French. Consequently, as demand for more captives, to be used as slaves, increased the allied Natives would engage in more warfare causing a massive increase in violence to occur between Natives. Although the French started small and never intention to massively colonize, over time became the largest and most profitable empire to settle in North America.The British Empire’s goal for colonizing was to gain land. Britain had a huge increase in population and a vast decrease in economic growth in the 15th century. This caused a lot of hostility to build with lower class citizens and it lead to crime and poverty starting to occur more frequently in British cities. In order to ease the tension, the Virginia Company is created to start colonization in the North America with the first colony of Virginia. It was used as a scapegoat to transport poorer citizens away from the cities to decrease risk of revolution.Once they arrived, a town called Jamestown is built in 1607. This was the first commercial colony with tobacco being its main cash crop. War between Natives and British only worsened as more colonies began to be developed. The warfare hit an all time high after the death of the Powhatan Chief’s daughter Pocahontas, after she was taken to be civilized in Britain. This was the start of the first Anglo-Powhatan war and it ended after the Powhatan Chief died (Boyer, The Enduring Vision, p. 48). Like the Spanish, Britain used warfare and military conquest in order to gain land.In order to provide food for all the new growing population in the colonies, livestock and animal husbandry became very important. In the scholar article â€Å"King Philip’s Herd, it showed how dependent colonists were on livestock, and how it helped develop the economy caused many issues with the neighboring natives. Although livestock became popular among the natives, the disregard colonists showed toward the natives and their land lead to King Philip’s War. In order for Britain to gain more land to colonize, they would constantly be at war with natives.Britain would primarily use violence to gain control of land. As land increased, more workers would be needed to work. At first Britain used captured natives like the French. The British demand for slaves became so high that colonists began stealing Yamasee men away from their villages; this caused another war between Britain and Natives. Britain begins alliance with Cherokee in order to stop warfare. After the war ends, the South Carolina colony promises to stop using native slaves, and begins a massive switch to Africa slaves.After 1680 there are fewer indentured servants and almost all labor is done by slaves. The process of forced labor moves from Natives to Africans, coercion continues in British colonizes. As colonization continues, British decide they want land in the Ohio Valley because of its fertile farmland. However, the French had already occupied that in their colony New France. Soon a war breaks out between the French and British with the French being allied with Natives and the British using their colonists. Eventually Britain wins the war and is able to take control over the land.Soon, Britain decides to decrease all kinship relations with native and focus more on establishing new settlements and fort building. This angers local natives so the Ottawa tribe unify with the Ojibwa, Delaware, Shawnee, Mongo, Potawatomie in Pontiac’s Rebellion. The fighting ends in a stalemate and in order to appease the Natives the Proclamation Line of 1763 is created in order to stop colonists settling in the Ohio Valley, and leave it all to Natives. T he British Empire saw that in order to stop another Native uprising, they most stop invading on their land and coexist.However, when Britain decides to forbid any colonization on the Ohio Valley many English colonists become outraged. More Conflicts would soon unfold with Britain and the colonists, especially with the fear of taxation. The idea of taxation and the denial of the Ohio River Valley begin a united revolt against the British in order to gain independence. English colonists want to govern themselves and control the land the Britain Empire controls to colonize. The Colonists soon revolt by declaring the Revolutionary War.With the help of both French and Spanish empires the colonists win the way. At the end of the Revolutionary War Britain gives all the land they gained through colonization to the Colo nists. The original British goal of colonization was gaining land. After the war however they lose all the land they had originally gained, and must return home empty handed. Once the colonists are free and have their own independent government, U. S. colonization begins. The U. S. colonization was exactly like the British Empire’s original goal, gaining land by any means necessary.Once the colonists take control over British lands, they start rapid expansion of land possession. George Washington believed in â€Å"Expansion with Honor† The idea was that colonists would purchase land through treaties. However Washington wanted to conquer natives and remove them similar to what the Spanish empire wished to due. Washington sends armies to defeat the Native Confederacy and without the British Empire supporting them the Native Confederacy and is defeated. Anthony Wayne becomes big part in helping to achieve Washington’s goal.In the document â€Å"The Print of My Anc estors’ Houses are Every Where† The article shows how Washington and Wayne didn’t care about the fact they were invading on the Natives spiritual land and found it more important that they obtain the land in order to colonize more. Wayne even uses alcohol as bribery to agree to the treaty of Greenville. Although this method worked, many people viewed it as an authoritative method to colonize. Thomas Jefferson was a big supporter of this fact. Jefferson claimed he would do things more respectively and honestly if he was elected president.Once elected, his policy was called the â€Å"Civilization Program†. This plan was to force natives to take on a more American lifestyle. Natives would be forced to change religions and adapt to more customary American culture. Jefferson’s hopeful goal was if Natives were Americans they would sell their land for profit. This will open native land to American expansion. However, just like Washington, Jefferson used an y method necessary to gain native lands. Jefferson believes Louisiana Purchase could be where all where Natives could go to be civilized in American culture.Jefferson even abandons his beliefs in strict constitutional interpretation and uses implied power in order to justify the Louisiana Purchase. When it came to U. S. Colonization the colonists believed they were more democratic and fair then during European empires. In actuality colonists used the same tactics of violence and coercion in order to get rid of Natives and take control of their land. Colonization and Colonialism helped build empires up while it tore other ones down. While these two methods it enriched the empires while made other countries suffer.Through the course of time the empires changed their tactics in order to better coexist and survive like the Spanish switching form a military campaign to using more peaceful alternatives, The French starting small and through trading and kinship with natives becoming the do minant power, The British who cared only about gaining land, gave it back to avoid tensions with natives. The three major empires learned to coexist and adapt to Natives; however U. S. colonization was all about warfare and forcibly taking land away from natives. The U. S. was all about expansion and it didn’t matter who they hurt in order to achieve their goals.